تحلیل رویکرد‌های نوین در حمایت از کرامت کارگران در پرتو همبستگی حقوق بشر و حقوق کار

The profound transformations in economic and social structures brought about by globalization, the expansion of multinational corporations, and shifts in employment patterns have posed fundamental challenges to the traditional theoretical foundations of labour law. In classical labour law, the inequality of power between workers and employers has been the main basis for the development of protective rules, but the emerging complexities of the labor market, especially in the form of the digital economy and informal employment, require a rethinking of the normative foundations of this area. In response to these challenges, several major approaches have been proposed to explain the relationship between labour rights and human rights: first, a perspective that considers labour rights as an extension of human rights and emphasizes the need to analyze the requirements of labour rights within the framework of fundamental human rights principles; second, an approach that, focusing on collective solidarity and trade union protections, considers the independence of labour rights from the human rights system essential; and third, an approach that, while rejecting the previous two approaches, seeks to balance the relationship between labour rights and human rights. This article, using a descriptive-analytical method, while critiquing and examining these three approaches, argues that human rights and labour rights are not only not in conflict, but in an integrated framework, the capacities of both systems can be used to ensure effective protection of workers' dignity. The findings indicate that integrating fundamental human rights principles with labour rights protection mechanisms constitutes an effective strategy to address contemporary labor market challenges and to enhance social justice in employer-employee relations.