A Comparative Study of Judicial Security in Light of the Components of Citizenship Rights in Iranian Law and International Human Rights Documents

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Ruhollah Rahimi
Department of Public Law, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
10.48315/qgl.2025.562005.1318
Abstract
Judicial security, as one of the fundamental pillars of the rule of law, plays a decisive role in safeguarding citizens’ rights and ensuring justice in judicial processes. This study, relying on library resources, examines the relationship between the components of citizenship rights and judicial security within the Iranian legal system and international human rights instruments. In this context, principles such as equality before the law, the presumption of innocence, the right to legal remedy, the right to access a lawyer, the principle of legality of crimes and punishments, the prohibition of arbitrary detention, the prohibition of torture, the protection of the dignity of accused persons and offenders, the principle of public hearings, and the equality of arms have been selected as the main indicators for comparative analysis. The findings indicate that, although many of these principles are recognized in Iran’s constitutional and ordinary laws, challenges at the implementation level and in practical safeguards hinder the full realization of judicial security. The results underscore the necessity of reforming and strengthening judicial structures and procedures, as well as paying greater attention to international human rights standards, in order to enhance judicial security and protect the fundamental rights of citizens.
Keywords
Judicial security
citizens&‌‌‌rsquo
rights
fair trial
international human rights instruments
Iranian legal system